- Proprietary catalytic gold nanocrystals comprising Clene’s investigational drug CNM-Au8® develop a protein corona upon exposure to human blood plasma comprised of proteins that promote blood-brain barrier penetration, an important feature of the drug’s neuroprotective mechanism of action
- The protein corona attracted by CNM-Au8 nanocrystals prevents aggregation upon entering the bloodstream, enabling the drug’s longevity in circulation without provoking an inflammatory response
SALT LAKE CITY, March 15, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Clene Inc. (Nasdaq: CLNN) (along with its subsidiaries, “Clene”) and its wholly owned subsidiary Clene Nanomedicine Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on improving mitochondrial health and protecting neuronal function to treat neurodegenerative diseases, including (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS), today reported the publication of “Protein Corona Composition of Gold Nanocatalysts” in the journal ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, a journal of the American Chemical Society that publishes innovative and impactful research with translational relevance across a broad spectrum of biological sciences.
The publication, led by Morteza Mahmoudi, associate professor in the Precision Health program and Department of Radiology at the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, and members of his laboratory, fully characterized the proteins from human blood plasma that form the protein corona of the gold nanocrystals of CNM-Au8, an investigational drug in development for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. CNM-Au8 is comprised of a suspension of clean-surfaced, faceted gold nanocrystals that, once swallowed, pass through the gastrointestinal tract, and enter the body’s circulatory system, where they interact with, and become coated by, blood proteins and other biomolecules, forming the ‘protein/biomolecular corona.’ Using multiple state-of-the-art techniques that have been refined and optimized by the Mahmoudi lab, the group characterized the CNM-Au8 nanocrystals’ protein corona and made several important observations:
• Protein corona-coated CNM-Au8 nanocrystals are less likely to aggregate than the non-coated nanocrystals.
• The specific apolipoproteins that are enriched on the surfaces of CNM-Au8 nanocrystals (apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, C-II, C-III, and E) are known to bind to specific receptors on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and promote the transport of substances across the BBB.
• The protein corona did not show a significant increase in complement proteins and fibrinogens compared to these proteins’ relative amounts in human plasma; coupled with the enrichment of apolipoproteins in these coronas, this corona composition is likely to increase colloidal stability and decrease inflammatory reactions from immune cells, consequently extending their circulation time in the blood.
The full publication can be accessed here: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsptsci.4c00028
“The protein corona of CNM-Au8 gold nanocrystals, tailored for brain delivery applications, exhibits a unique composition, notably enriched with critical apolipoproteins such as apolipoprotein E. This composition enhances the nanocrystals' ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier. Simultaneously, the depletion of opsonin-based proteins in the corona extends their circulation time in the blood, as observed clinically. Our research underlines that these engineered gold nanocrystals, designed with specific structures and without surfactants, can form a distinct protein corona that facilitates access to brain tissue,” explained Prof. Mahmoudi.
“When we invented the electro-crystal-chemical method to grow clean-surfaced, highly faceted gold nanocrystals, we certainly had catalytic optimization in mind. However, we also understood that the protein corona can control the location of our nanocrystals in vivo. These new data show that the corona composition of the CNM-Au8 nanocrystals contribute further favorable drug properties to our neuroprotective agent, consistent with what we are seeing in our preclinical and clinical studies,” said Mark Mortenson, CSO of Clene.
“These results are notably consistent with the activity of CNM-Au8 demonstrated in our completed Phase 2 clinical trials. Our REPAIR-MS and REPAIR-PD biomarker trials showed that orally dosed CNM-Au8 treatment favorably affects levels of brain metabolites in people with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. Our extensive nonclinical toxicity and clinical pharmacokinetics studies have demonstrated that CNM-Au8 reaches steady state levels in blood without any serious adverse effects, such as inflammatory or immunomodulatory issues, identified as related to CNM-Au8 treatment. Across 500+ years of patient exposure in multiple Phase 2 clinical trials and expanded access programs, CNM-Au8 treatment has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated. These prior clinical results are further enriched by the findings from this work explaining how the protein corona forms around CNM-Au8 once in the bloodstream, and how this corona preferentially aids access through the blood-brain barrier to support CNM-Au8’s activity in the brain,” said Michael Hotchkin, Chief Development Officer for Clene.
A Phase 3 registrational clinical trial of CNM-Au8 for the treatment of the progressive neurodegenerative disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is presently planned to launch in 2024.
About Clene
Clene Inc., (Nasdaq: CLNN) (along with its subsidiaries, “Clene”) and its wholly owned subsidiary Clene Nanomedicine Inc., is a late clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on improving mitochondrial health and protecting neuronal function to treat neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis. CNM-Au8® is an investigational first-in-class therapy that improves central nervous system cells’ survival and function via a mechanism that targets mitochondrial function and the NAD pathway while reducing oxidative stress. CNM-Au8® is a federally registered trademark of Clene Nanomedicine, Inc. The company is based in Salt Lake City, Utah, with R&D and manufacturing operations in Maryland. For more information, please visit www.clene.com or follow us on X (formerly Twitter) and LinkedIn.
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