athenahealth, Inc. Reports Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2016 Results


Company Announces Record Provider Additions; Management Reaffirms Fiscal Year 2016 Guidance

Q3 2016 Financial Results

  • 17% Revenue Growth Over Third Quarter of 2015
  • GAAP Operating Income of $15.2 million
  • Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income of $41.5 million
  • GAAP Net Income of $13.9 million, or $0.35 Per Diluted Share
  • Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income of $24.1 million, or $0.60 Per Diluted Share

WATERTOWN, Mass., Oct. 20, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) --   athenahealth, Inc. (NASDAQ:ATHN) (“athenahealth” or “we”), a leading provider of network-enabled services and mobile applications for healthcare providers nationwide, today announced financial and operational results for the third quarter of fiscal year 2016. We will hold a conference call tomorrow, Friday, October 21, 2016, at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time to discuss these results and management’s outlook for future financial and operational performance.

“As we continue to build our national network - today, having connected over 85,000 providers, 83 million unique patient records, and 140,000 network endpoints - athenahealth is well-positioned to improve healthcare delivery in this country,” said Jonathan Bush, chairman and chief executive officer, athenahealth. “We are also uniquely positioned to leverage our network data for good and are making great strides in furtherance of our mission to unbreak healthcare. To this end, we recently launched athenaInsight, an editorial hub reporting from the heart of the healthcare internet on healthcare’s bright spots, drivers of effective physician leadership and engagement, and trends tied to public health. As we look ahead, our strategic priorities and investments will be focused on further leveraging our unique platform to deliver true client success.”

Q3 2016 and Year-to-Date 2016 Financial Results

  • Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2016, was $276.7 million, compared to $236.1 million in the same period last year, an increase of 17%.

  • Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, was $794.8 million, compared to $667.2 million in the same period last year, an increase of 19%.

  • Net new active physicians added to the network: athenaCollector® (3,829 physicians added), athenaClinicals® (2,090 physicians added), and athenaCommunicator® (3,416 physicians added) for the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to athenaCollector (3,953 physicians added), athenaClinicals (2,818 physicians added), and athenaCommunicator (3,422 physicians added) in the same period last year.

  • Net new active providers added to the network: athenaCollector (5,092 providers added), athenaClinicals (2,844 providers added), and athenaCommunicator (4,478 providers added) for the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to athenaCollector (4,784 providers added), athenaClinicals (3,430 providers added), and athenaCommunicator (4,084 providers added) in the same period last year.

“The athenahealth team continued to make progress against many of our financial and operational goals in the third quarter and are thrilled with another quarterly record number of providers added to our network,” said Karl Stubelis, chief financial officer, athenahealth. “Year-to-date, we have delivered against our internal financial goals, adding over 10,000 providers to our network and growing consolidated revenue by over 19%. We remain positioned to continue to drive meaningful change in healthcare and look forward to providing an update on our strategic priorities at our upcoming investor summit in December.”

  • For the three months ended September 30, 2016, Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin was 65.0%, compared to 62.9% in the same period last year.

  • For the three months ended September 30, 2016, GAAP Operating Income was $15.2 million, or 5.5% of total revenue, compared to GAAP Operating Income of $3.2 million, or 1.4% of total revenue, in the same period last year. 

  • For the three months ended September 30, 2016, Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income was $41.5 million, or 15.0% of total revenue, compared to $25.4 million, or 10.8% of total revenue, in the same period last year.

  • For the three months ended September 30, 2016, GAAP Net Income was $13.9 million, or $0.35 per diluted share, compared to GAAP Net Income of $5.8 million, or $0.15 per diluted share, in the same period last year.

  • For the three months ended September 30, 2016, Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income was $24.1 million, or $0.60 per diluted share, compared to $14.3 million, or $0.36 per diluted share, in the same period last year.

Fiscal Year 2016 Outlook

We communicated our fiscal year 2016 guidance on December 10, 2015 at our 8th Annual Investor Summit. Our fiscal year 2016 guidance is summarized in the following table:

For the Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2016
Forward-Looking Guidance1
GAAP Total Revenue$1,085 - $1,115 million
Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin63.5% - 64.5%
Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income$120 - $135 million
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share$1.65 - $1.85
Non-GAAP Tax Rate 40%

We are not making any changes to the fiscal year 2016 guidance we communicated on December 10, 2015 at our 8th Annual Investor Summit. However, based on our year-to-date performance that was relatively in line with our internal financial goals and our current expectations for Q4 2016, we are providing additional insight into our fiscal year 2016 guidance as follows:

  • We expect GAAP Total Revenue to be near the mid-point of the $1,085 million to $1,115 million guidance range.

  • We expect Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin to be near the mid-point of the 63.5% to 64.5% guidance range.

  • We expect Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income to be near the mid-point of the $120 million to $135 million guidance range.

  • Finally, we expect Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share to be near the mid-point of the $1.65 to $1.85 guidance range.

1 We release annual guidance once per year at our annual investor summit. Recently, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission staff issued updates to its Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations regarding the use of non-GAAP financial measures. However, we believe that revising this table mid-year during 2016 to present the GAAP equivalent may confuse the investment community. As a result, we plan to present both the non-GAAP financial measure and the applicable GAAP financial measure in this table beginning with the release of our fiscal year 2017 guidance.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In our earnings releases, prepared remarks, conference calls, slide presentations, and webcasts, we may use or discuss non-GAAP financial measures, as defined by Regulation G. The GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to each non-GAAP financial measure used or discussed, and a reconciliation of the differences between each non-GAAP financial measure and the comparable GAAP financial measure, are included in this press release after the condensed consolidated financial statements. Our earnings press releases containing such non-GAAP reconciliations can be found in the Investors section of our website at www.athenahealth.com.

Conference Call Information

To participate in our live conference call and webcast, please dial 877-853-5645 (or 408-940-3868 for international calls) using conference code no. 75527226, or visit the Investors section of our website at www.athenahealth.com. A replay will be available for one week following the conference call at 855-859-2056 (and 404-537-3406 for international calls) using conference code no. 75527226. A webcast replay will also be archived on our website.

About athenahealth, Inc.

athenahealth is a leading provider of network-enabled services for electronic health records (EHR), revenue cycle management and medical billing, patient engagement, care coordination, and population health management, as well as Epocrates and other point-of-care mobile apps. We connect care and drive meaningful, measurable results for more than 85,000 healthcare providers nationwide. For a view of network effect in action by exploring data as it flows across athenahealth’s nationwide network, please visit https://insight.athenahealth.com/interactive-a-look-at-interoperability. For more information, please visit www.athenahealth.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding management’s expectations for future financial and operational performance and operating expenditures, expected growth, and business outlook, including fiscal 2016 guidance; statements regarding our ability to improve healthcare delivery in the U.S., to leverage our network data for good, to unbreak healthcare, to deliver client success, and to drive meaningful change in healthcare; and statements found under our “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to Comparable GAAP Measures” and “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to Comparable GAAP Measures for Fiscal Year 2016 Guidance” sections of this release. Forward-looking statements may be identified with words such as “will,” “may,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “upcoming,” “believe,” “estimate” or similar terminology, and the negative of these terms. Forward-looking statements are not promises or guarantees of future performance, and are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include: our highly competitive industry and our ability to compete effectively and remain innovative; the development of the market for cloud-based healthcare information technology services; changes in the healthcare industry and their impact on the demand for our services; our ability to maintain consistently high growth rates due to lengthening customer sales cycles; the impact of changes in our business model and structure; our ability to effectively manage our growth; our ability to protect our intellectual property; current and future litigation, including for intellectual property infringement; our dependence on third-party providers; risks and costs associated with our worldwide operations; our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees; our ability to successfully implement our management transition plans; our fluctuating operating results; our ability to retain our clients and maintain client revenue; our tax liability; our variable sales and implementation cycles; the timing at which we recognize certain revenue and our ability to evaluate our prospects; defects and errors in our software or services, or interruptions or damages to our systems or those of third parties on which we rely; a data security breach; limitations on our use of data; the effect of payer and provider conduct; the failure of our services to provide accurate and timely information; increasing government regulation and the costs and challenges of compliance; the potential for illegal behavior by employees or subcontractors; and the price volatility of our common stock. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements. For additional information regarding these and other risks faced by us, refer to our public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), available on the Investors section of our website at www.athenahealth.com and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 
athenahealth, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
     
  September 30,
 2016
 December 31,
 2015
Assets    
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $129,994  $141,927 
Accounts receivable, net 151,313  148,157 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 39,210  30,176 
Total current assets 320,517  320,260 
Property and equipment, net 332,737  321,524 
Capitalized software costs, net 127,135  107,517 
Purchased intangible assets, net 117,149  126,239 
Goodwill 240,662  229,157 
Investments and other assets 16,488  13,965 
Total assets $1,154,688  $1,118,662 
Liabilities & Stockholders’ Equity    
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable $13,903  $10,768 
Accrued compensation 82,929  88,122 
Accrued expenses 46,183  51,452 
Long-term debt 14,531  10,762 
Deferred revenue 30,373  32,593 
Total current liabilities 187,919  193,697 
Deferred rent, net of current portion 31,209  31,118 
Long-term debt, net of current portion 276,452  287,353 
Deferred revenue, net of current portion 50,375  55,946 
Long-term deferred tax liability, net 4,000  1,254 
Other long-term liabilities 4,845  5,988 
Total liabilities 554,800  575,356 
Stockholders’ equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 5,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015    
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 125,000 shares authorized; 40,695 shares issued and 39,417 shares outstanding at September 30, 2016; 40,209 shares issued and 38,931 shares outstanding at December 31, 2015 407  403 
Additional paid-in capital 567,712  522,443 
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,278 shares (1,200) (1,200)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (732) (848)
Retained earnings 33,701  22,508 
Total stockholders’ equity 599,888  543,306 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $1,154,688  $1,118,662 
         


athenahealth, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
     
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  2016 2015 2016 2015
Revenue:        
Business services $267,118  $224,990  $768,734  $638,156 
Implementation and other 9,553  11,078  26,025  29,040 
Total revenue 276,671  236,068  794,759  667,196 
Expense:        
Direct operating 103,238  94,850  312,518  269,306 
Selling and marketing 59,067  55,927  182,563  163,705 
Research and development 24,860  22,560  73,619  70,675 
General and administrative 41,889  34,778  124,076  107,093 
Depreciation and amortization 32,466  24,763  87,774  67,216 
Total expense 261,520  232,878  780,550  677,995 
Operating income (loss) 15,151  3,190  14,209  (10,799)
Other (expense) income:        
Interest expense (1,335) (1,620) (4,803) (4,192)
Other income 10  7,590  57  28,715 
Total other (expense) income (1,325) 5,970  (4,746) 24,523 
Income before income tax benefit (provision) 13,826  9,160  9,463  13,724 
Income tax benefit (provision) 115  (3,365) 1,730  (7,412)
Net income $13,941  $5,795  $11,193  $6,312 
Net income per share – Basic $0.35  $0.15  $0.29  $0.16 
Net income per share – Diluted $0.35  $0.15  $0.28  $0.16 
Weighted average shares used in computing net income per share:        
Basic 39,356  38,714  39,223  38,523 
Diluted 40,000  39,536  40,024  39,476 
             


athenahealth, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in thousands)
   
  Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2016 2015
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:    
Net income $11,193  $6,312 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 103,989  85,869 
Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards (1,359) (8,367)
Deferred income tax (3,107) (1,652)
Stock-based compensation expense 50,676  47,943 
Gain on sale of marketable securities   (28,656)
Other reconciling adjustments (296) 6 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Accounts receivable, net (3,069) (21,941)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (7,659) (1,296)
Other long-term assets (3,237) (2,090)
Accounts payable 2,179  5,611 
Accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities 1,369  4,232 
Accrued compensation (7,534) 4,085 
Deferred revenue (7,791) 6,015 
Deferred rent 619  6,848 
Net cash provided by operating activities 135,973  102,919 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:    
Capitalized software costs (68,135) (77,714)
Purchases of property and equipment (52,867) (65,090)
Payments on acquisitions, net of cash acquired (16,852) (39,890)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities   29,756 
Other investing activities 830  (2,610)
Net cash used in investing activities (137,024) (155,548)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:    
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under stock plans and warrants 14,089  18,046 
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock awards (18,707) (20,664)
Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards 1,359  8,367 
Proceeds from line of credit   60,000 
Payments on line of credit   (95,000)
Proceeds from long-term debt   300,000 
Payments on long-term debt (7,500) (173,750)
Debt issuance costs   (987)
Other financing activities (70)  
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (10,829) 96,012 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (53) (458)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (11,933) 42,925 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 141,927  73,787 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $129,994  $116,712 
         

athenahealth, Inc.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
(Unaudited, in thousands)

Set forth below is a breakout of stock-based compensation impacting the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and 2015:

 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
Stock-based compensation charged to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:       
Direct operating$4,363  $3,584  $13,652  $10,883 
Selling and marketing5,133  4,162  14,325  13,745 
Research and development3,121  2,164  9,333  6,707 
General and administrative4,514  5,070  13,366  16,608 
Total stock-based compensation expense17,131  14,980  50,676  47,943 
Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development (1)1,283  1,244  3,813  3,013 
Total$18,414  $16,224  $54,489  $50,956 
        

(1) In addition, for the three months ended September 30, 2016, and 2015, $0.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation was capitalized in the line item Capitalized software costs, net in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for which $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of amortization was included in the line item Depreciation and amortization in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, and 2015, $2.1 million and $5.4 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation was capitalized in the line item Capitalized software costs, net in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for which $3.8 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of amortization was included in the line item Depreciation and amortization in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

athenahealth, Inc.
AMORTIZATION OF PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
(Unaudited, in thousands)

Set forth below is a breakout of amortization of purchased intangible assets impacting the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and 2015:

 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
Amortization of purchased intangible assets allocated to:2016 2015 2016 2015
Direct operating$1,991  $3,662  $7,063  $11,177 
Selling and marketing2,959  2,373  8,784  7,119 
Total amortization of purchased intangible assets$4,950  $6,035  $15,847  $18,296 
        

athenahealth, Inc.
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
TO COMPARABLE GAAP MEASURES
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following is a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures used by us to describe our financial results determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). An explanation of these measures is also included below under the heading “Explanation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

While management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information to investors regarding the underlying performance of our business operations, investors are reminded to consider these non-GAAP measures in addition to, and not as a substitute for, financial performance measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, it should be noted that these non-GAAP financial measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies, and management may utilize other measures to illustrate performance in the future. Non-GAAP measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP.

Please note that these figures may not sum exactly due to rounding.

Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin
Set forth below is a presentation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin,” which represents Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit as a percentage of total revenue.

(unaudited, in thousands)Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
        
Total revenue$276,671  $236,068  $794,759  $667,196 
Direct operating expense103,238  94,850  312,518  269,306 
        
Total revenue less direct operating expense173,433  141,218  482,241  397,890 
Add: Stock-based compensation allocated to direct operating expense4,363  3,584  13,652  10,883 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets allocated to direct operating expense1,991  3,662  7,063  11,177 
Add: Exit costs, including restructuring costs allocated to direct operating expense
107    371   
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit$179,894  $148,464  $503,327  $419,950 
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin65.0% 62.9% 63.3% 62.9%
            

Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income
Set forth below is a reconciliation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Margin,” which represents Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income as a percentage of total revenue.

(unaudited, in thousands)Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
        
Total revenue$276,671  $236,068  $794,759  $667,196 
        
GAAP net income13,941  5,795  11,193  6,312 
Add: (Benefit from) provision for income taxes(115) 3,365  (1,730) 7,412 
Add: Total other expense (income)1,325  (5,970) 4,746  (24,523)
GAAP operating income (loss)$15,151  $3,190  $14,209  $(10,799)
        
GAAP operating margin (loss)5.5% 1.4% 1.8% (1.6)%
        
Add: Stock-based compensation expense17,131  14,980  50,676  47,943 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development1,283  1,244  3,813  3,013 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets4,950  6,035  15,847  18,296 
Add: Integration and transaction costs775    1,125  964 
Add: Exit costs, including restructuring costs2,425    4,358  4,446 
Less: Gain on investments, net(243)   (243)  
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income$41,472  $25,449  $89,785  $63,863 
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Margin15.0% 10.8% 11.3% 9.6%
            

Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income
Set forth below is a reconciliation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share.”

(unaudited, in thousands)Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2016 2015 2,016 2,015
        
GAAP net income$13,941  $5,795  $11,193  $6,312 
Add: Stock-based compensation expense17,131  14,980  50,676  47,943 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development1,283  1,244  3,813  3,013 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets4,950  6,035  15,847  18,296 
Add: Integration and transaction costs775    1,125  964 
Add: Exit costs, including restructuring costs2,425    4,358  4,446 
Less: Gain on investments, net(243) (7,585) (243) (28,656)
        
Sub-total of tax deductible items26,321  14,674  75,576  46,006 
        
Less: Tax impact of tax deductible items (1)(10,528) (5,870) (30,230) (18,402)
Less: Tax impact resulting from applying non-GAAP tax rate (2)(5,646) (299) (5,516) 1,922 
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income$24,088  $14,300  $51,023  $35,838 
        
Weighted average shares - diluted40,000  39,536  40,024  39,476 
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share$0.60  $0.36  $1.27  $0.91 
                

(1) Tax impact calculated using a statutory tax rate of 40%.

(2) Represents adjusting the GAAP net income to a non-GAAP tax rate of 40%. We used a non-GAAP tax rate of 40% to normalize the tax impact to our Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share based on the fact that a relatively small change in pre-tax GAAP income (loss) in any one period could result in a volatile GAAP effective tax rate.

(unaudited, in thousands)Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
        
GAAP net income per share - diluted$0.35  $0.15  $0.28  $0.16 
Add: Stock-based compensation expense0.43  0.38  1.27  1.21 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development0.03  0.03  0.10  0.08 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets0.12  0.15  0.40  0.46 
Add: Integration and transaction costs0.02    0.03  0.02 
Add: Exit costs, including restructuring costs0.06    0.11  0.11 
Less: Gain on investments, net(0.01) (0.19) (0.01) (0.73)
        
Sub-total of tax deductible items0.66  0.37  1.89  1.17 
        
Less: Tax impact of tax deductible items (1)(0.26) (0.15) (0.76) (0.47)
Add: Tax impact resulting from applying non-GAAP tax rate (2)(0.14) (0.01) (0.14) 0.05 
        
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share$0.60  $0.36  $1.27  $0.91 
        
Weighted average shares - diluted40,000  39,536  40,024  39,476 
            

(1) Tax impact calculated using a statutory tax rate of 40%.

(2) Represents adjusting the GAAP net income to a non-GAAP tax rate of 40%. We used a non-GAAP tax rate of 40% to normalize the tax impact to our Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share based on the fact that a relatively small change in pre-tax GAAP income (loss) in any one period could result in a volatile GAAP effective tax rate.

athenahealth, Inc.
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
TO COMPARABLE GAAP MEASURES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2016 GUIDANCE
(Unaudited, in millions, except per share amounts)

Please note that the figures presented below may not sum exactly due to rounding.

Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin Guidance
Set forth below is a presentation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin” guidance for fiscal year 2016, which represents Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit as a percentage of total revenue.

 LOWHIGH
 Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2016
Total revenue$1,085.0 $1,115.0 
Direct operating expense423.4 423.2 
Total revenue less direct operating expense$661.6 $691.7 
Add: Stock-based compensation expense allocated to direct operating expense19.0 19.0 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets allocated to direct operating expense8.4 8.4 
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit$689.0 $719.2 
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin63.5%64.5%
     

Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Guidance
Set forth below is a reconciliation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Margin” guidance for fiscal year 2016, which represents Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income as a percentage of total revenue.

 LOWHIGH
 Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2016
Total revenue$1,085.0 $1,115.0 
   
GAAP net income10.8 19.5 
Add: Provision for income taxes7.6 12.9 
Add: Total other expense5.3 6.4 
GAAP operating income$23.7 $38.8 
   
GAAP operating income margin2.2%3.5%
   
Add: Stock-based compensation expense69.4 69.4 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development6.8 6.8 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets20.0 20.0 
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income$120.0 $135.0 
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Margin11.1%12.1%
     

Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income Guidance
Set forth below is a reconciliation of our “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income” and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share” guidance for fiscal year 2016.

 LOWHIGH
 Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2016
GAAP net income$10.8 $19.5 
Add: Stock-based compensation expense69.4 69.4 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development6.8 6.8 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets20.0 20.0 
   
Sub-total of tax deductible items$96.2 $96.2 
   
(Less): Tax impact of tax deductible items (1)(38.5)(38.5)
Add: Tax impact resulting from applying a normalized non-GAAP tax rate (2)0.2 (0.1)
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income$68.8 $77.2 
   
Weighted average shares - diluted41.7 41.7 
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share$1.65 $1.85 
       

(1) Tax impact calculated using a statutory tax rate of 40%.

(2) Represents adjusting the GAAP net income to a non-GAAP tax rate of 40%. For 2016, we are using non-GAAP tax rate of 40% to normalize the tax impact to our Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share based on the fact that a relatively small change in pre-tax GAAP income (loss) in any one period could result in a volatile GAAP effective tax rate.

 LOWHIGH
 Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2016
GAAP net income per share - diluted$0.26 $0.47 
Add: Stock-based compensation expense1.66 1.66 
Add: Amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development0.16 0.16 
Add: Amortization of purchased intangible assets0.48 0.48 
   
Sub-total of tax deductible items$2.31 $2.31 
   
(Less): Tax impact of tax deductible items (1)(0.92)(0.92)
Add: Tax impact resulting from applying a normalized non-GAAP tax rate (2)0.01  
   
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share$1.65 $1.85 
   
Weighted average shares - diluted41.7 41.7 
     

(1) Tax impact calculated using a statutory tax rate of 40%.

(2) Represents adjusting the GAAP net income to a non-GAAP tax rate of 40%. For 2016, we are using a non-GAAP tax rate of 40% to normalize the tax impact to our Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share based on the fact that a relatively small change in pre-tax GAAP income (loss) in any one period could result in a volatile GAAP effective tax rate.

Explanation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. However, management believes that, in order to properly understand our short-term and long-term financial and operational trends, investors may wish to consider the impact of certain non-cash or non-recurring items, when used as a supplement to financial performance measures in accordance with GAAP. These items result from facts and circumstances that vary in frequency and impact on continuing operations. Management also uses results of operations before such items to evaluate the operating performance of athenahealth and compare it against past periods, make operating decisions, and serve as a basis for strategic planning. These non-GAAP financial measures provide management with additional means to understand and evaluate the operating results and trends in our ongoing business by eliminating certain non-cash expenses and other items that management believes might otherwise make comparisons of our ongoing business with prior periods more difficult, obscure trends in ongoing operations, or reduce management’s ability to make useful forecasts. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide additional means of evaluating period-over-period operating performance. In addition, management understands that some investors and financial analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our financial and operational performance and comparing this performance to our peers and competitors.

Management defines “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit” as total revenue, less direct operating expense, plus (1) stock-based compensation expense allocated to direct operating expense, (2) amortization of purchased intangible assets allocated to direct operating expense, and (3) exit costs, including restructuring costs allocated to direct operating expense, and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Margin” as Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit as a percentage of total revenue. Management considers these non-GAAP financial measures to be important indicators of our operational strength and performance of our business and a good measure of our historical operating trends. Moreover, management believes that these measures enable investors and financial analysts to closely monitor and understand changes in our ability to generate income from ongoing business operations.

Management defines “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income” as the sum of GAAP net income before (benefit from) provision for income taxes; total other expense (income); stock-based compensation expense; amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development; amortization of purchased intangible assets; integration and transaction costs; exit costs, including restructuring costs; and gain or loss on investments; and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Margin” as Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income as a percentage of total revenue. Management defines “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income” as the sum of GAAP net income before stock-based compensation expense; amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development; amortization of purchased intangible assets; integration and transaction costs; exit costs, including restructuring costs; and gain or loss on investments and any tax impact related to these preceding items; and an adjustment to the tax provision for the non-GAAP tax rate and “Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share” as Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income divided by weighted average diluted shares outstanding. Management considers all of these non-GAAP financial measures to be important indicators of our operational strength and performance of our business and a good measure of our historical operating trends, in particular the extent to which ongoing operations impact our overall financial performance.

Management excludes or adjusts each of the items identified below from the applicable non-GAAP financial measure referenced above for the reasons set forth with respect to that excluded item:

  • Stock-based compensation expense and amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation related to software development — excluded because these are non-cash expenditures that management does not consider part of ongoing operating results when assessing the performance of our business, and also because the total amount of the expenditure is partially outside of our control because it is based on factors such as stock price, volatility, and interest rates, which may be unrelated to our performance during the period in which the expenses are incurred.

  • Amortization of purchased intangible assets — purchased intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and generally cannot be changed or influenced by management after the acquisition. Accordingly, this item is not considered by management in making operating decisions. Management does not believe such charges accurately reflect the performance of our ongoing operations for the period in which such charges are incurred.

  • Integration and transaction costs — Integration costs are the severance payments and retention bonuses for certain employees related to specific transactions. Transaction costs are costs related to strategic transactions. Accordingly, management believes that such expenses do not have a direct correlation to future business operations, and therefore, these costs are not considered by management in making operating decisions. Management does not believe such charges accurately reflect the performance of our ongoing operations for the period in which such charges are incurred.

  • Exit costs, including restructuring costs — represents costs related to workforce reductions and to terminate certain lease or other contract agreements for strategic realignment purposes. Management does not believe such costs accurately reflect the performance of our ongoing operations for the period in which such costs are incurred.

  • Gain or loss on investments — represents gain on sale of marketable securities, gain on sale of More Disruption Please (“MDP”) Accelerator investments, and loss on impairment of MDP Accelerator investments. Management does not believe such gains or losses accurately reflect the performance of our ongoing operations for the period in which such gains or losses are reported.

  • Non-GAAP tax rate — We use a non-GAAP tax rate of 40% to normalize the tax impact to our Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income per Diluted Share based on the fact that a relatively small change in pre-tax GAAP income (loss) in any one period could result in a volatile GAAP effective tax rate.

            

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